Análise das Internações por Neoplasia Maligna do Colo do Útero no Brasil: Tendências e Dados de 2019 a 2023

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Cervical malignancy, or cervical cancer, is characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the lining of the cervix, mainly due to persistent infection with oncogenic types of Human Papillomavirus (HPV). This study analyzes hospitalizations for this disease in Brazil between 2019 and 2023, exploring regional variations to assess the effectiveness of prevention and treatment programs in the country. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to quantify and analyze hospitalization rates for cervical malignancy in Brazil. METHODOLOGY: The retrospective study with a quantitative approach used data from the SUS Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS), provided by the SUS Information Technology Department (TABNET/DATASUS). The analysis covered hospitalizations for malignant neoplasia of the cervix in Brazil from January 2019 to December 2023, using descriptive statistics and tabulation in Microsoft Excel 2016 and Microsoft Word 10 spreadsheets. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The data indicate an increase in hospitalizations for malignant neoplasia of the cervix in Brazil, from 23,768 in 2019 to 27,881 in 2023. The Southeast Region recorded the highest number of cases, with 48,840 hospitalizations, reflecting its population density and better access to health services. The Northeast Region, with 31,963 hospitalizations, was the second most affected, highlighting persistent challenges in infrastructure and prevention. This continued growth reinforces the need to intensify efforts in prevention and early diagnosis, especially in more vulnerable regions. CONCLUSION: Therefore, the analysis of hospitalizations for malignant neoplasia of the cervix in Brazil from 2019 to 2023 demonstrates a significant increase of 17.3%, highlighting advances in access to diagnosis and treatment, but also highlighting persistent challenges in prevention and early detection . The sharp post-2021 growth highlights the need to reinforce prevention and diagnostic strategies, especially in more vulnerable regions, to mitigate the burden of this disease and promote greater health equity.