Keywords
How to Cite
Abstract
The human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) is a retrovirus that affects a significant portion of the global population. Most infected individuals remain asymptomatic, but approximately 5 to 10% develop severe clinical conditions. HTLV transmission primarily occurs through unprotected sexual intercourse, shared use of piercing instruments, and vertical transmission, especially during breastfeeding. Therefore, the article highlights the importance of HTLV screening during prenatal care and the suspension of breastfeeding in case of a positive result as effective strategies to reduce vertical transmission of the virus. The recent inclusion of this test in the range of exams offered by the Unified Health System (SUS) for all pregnant women in Brazil, starting in February 2024, is considered a significant advancement in the early diagnosis and prevention measures of vertical HTLV transmission.
References
BANGHAM, C. R. M. et al. Regulation of latency in the human T cell leukemia virus, HTLV-1. Annual review of virology, v. 6, n. 1, p. 365–385, 2019.
CONITEC. Detecção pré-natal de infecção pelo vírus T-linfotrópico humano (HTLV-1/2) em gestantes. Ministério da Saúde, 2024. Disponível em: link. Acesso em: 20 jul. 2024.
DA SAÚDE, B. E. S. DE V. EM S. M. Prevalência da infecção por HTLV-1/2 no Brasil. Disponível em: <https://www.gov.br/aids/pt-br/central-de-conteudo/publicacoes/2022/boletim_epidemiologico-svs-48-htlv.pdf>. Acesso em: 11 mar. 2024.
GESSAIN, A.; CASSAR, O. Epidemiological aspects and world distribution of HTLV-1 infection. Frontiers in microbiology, v. 3, 2012.
Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1. Disponível em: <https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/human-t-lymphotropic-virus-type-1>. Acesso em: 11 mar. 2024.
KULKARNI, A. et al. Glucose metabolism and oxygen availability govern reactivation of the latent human retrovirus HTLV-1. Cell chemical biology, v. 24, n. 11, p. 1377- 1387.e3, 2017.
LEGRAND, N. et al. Clinical and public health implications of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 infection. Clinical microbiology reviews, v. 35, n. 2, 2022.
MAHGOUB, M. et al. Sporadic on/off switching of HTLV-1 Tax expression is crucial to maintain the whole population of virus-induced leukemic cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 115, n. 6, 2018.
ORLETTI, M. P. S. et al. Prevalence of infection by human T Cell lymphotropic viruses (HTLV-1/2) in adult population in Vitória-ES. The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases: an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases, v. 25, n. 5, p. 101631, 2021.
ROSADAS, C. et al. Adult T‐cell leukaemia/lymphoma in Brazil: A rare disease or rarely diagnosed? British journal of haematology, v. 188, n. 4, 2020.
ROSADAS, C. et al. Protocolo Brasileiro para Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis 2020: infecção pelo vírus linfotrópico de células T humanas (HTLV). Epidemiologia e servicos de saude: revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil, v. 30, n. spe1, p. e2020605, 2021.
UpToDate. Disponível em: <https://www.uptodate.com/contents/human-t-lymphotropic-virus-type-i-disease-associations-diagnosis-and-treatment>. Acesso em: 11 mar. 2024
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2024 Gustavo Marques Fim , Tiffany Bausen, Isabela Turino Lougon , Debora costa Jadjischi, Tatiane Sanches Soares, Pedro Henrique Gomes da Silva , Vinicius Spolador Xavier , Luiz Carmo Dondoni Junior, Lais Cunha de Souza
