RECENT ADVANCES IN THE TREATMENT OF HEART FAILURE: A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THERAPEUTIC INNOVATIONS AND THEIR CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS

Abstract

This study conducts an in-depth critical review of recent advances in the treatment of heart failure, focusing on pharmacological innovations, implantable devices, and non-pharmacological strategies that have emerged in recent years. The analysis involved a careful selection of articles published between 2020 and 2024, based on their clinical relevance and methodological rigor, aiming to assess the impact of these new approaches on clinical outcomes and patients' quality of life. The findings indicate that SGLT2 inhibitors and the sacubitril/valsartan combination have significantly reduced mortality and hospitalizations, while also improving cardiac function and quality of life in heart failure patients. Additionally, the adoption of cardiac resynchronization therapy and ventricular assist devices has proven effective in managing advanced cases of the disease, contributing to the reduction of ventricular dyssynchrony and improvement in hemodynamic outcomes. Non-pharmacological strategies, particularly cardiac rehabilitation and lifestyle modification, play a crucial role in the multidisciplinary approach to heart failure, leading to better functional capacities and overall patient well-being. The review concludes that the integration of these therapeutic innovations into clinical practice represents substantial progress in the management of heart failure, with positive implications for patients' survival and quality of life. Ongoing research and constant updates to clinical guidelines are essential to ensure that these innovative practices are effectively implemented, maximizing benefits for patients.