INCIDENCE PROFILE OF ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND STROKE IN YOUNG ADULTS: A DECADE ANALYSIS

Abstract

Acute Cerebrovascular Accident (Stroke)  is a neurological condition caused by ischemia and cerebral infarction due to the obstruction of a cerebral artery. The two main types of stroke are ischemic, caused by vessel obstruction, and hemorrhagic, caused by cerebral hemorrhages. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI), are also leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally, resulting from the death of cardiac cells due to the obstruction of coronary blood flow.This study analyzed hospital admissions of young adults in Brazil for stroke and AMI between 2013 and 2023, using data from the Unified Health System (DATASUS) and the Hospital Morbidity System (SIH). The analysis was ecological, descriptive, and retrospective, considering variables such as year, region, age group, race/color, sex, length of hospital stay, and deaths. Data were collected and analyzed in July 2024, based on recent scientific articles.Between 2013 and 2023, Brazil registered 115,795 admissions for AMI and stroke in young adults. The year 2023 had the highest number of cases (11.31%), while 2013 had the lowest (7.5%). The Southeast region had the majority of cases (42.74%), with São Paulo leading. The most affected age group was 30 to 39 years (75.67%), with a predominance of males (56.16%) and brown skin color (38.96%). Most admissions were emergency cases (94.92%), with an average hospital stay of 6.7 days. Deaths were most frequent among individuals aged 30 to 39 years (76.77%).There is a concerning increase in AMI and stroke cases among young people, highlighting the urgent need for preventive strategies, early diagnosis, and proper treatment. Public policies should focus on promoting healthy lifestyles and early monitoring of risk factors.