Rapid Diagnostic Approach for Retinal Detachment in Emergency Units: An Integrative Review

Abstract

Retinal detachment (RD) is an ophthalmological emergency that can lead to permanent vision loss if not diagnosed and treated promptly. This review article aims to explore and synthesize the key evidence available on rapid diagnostic approaches for RD in emergency settings, with a focus on the effectiveness and applicability of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS). The review included studies published in the last ten years, selected from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The findings indicate that POCUS provides a practical and efficient solution for diagnosing RD in emergency environments, particularly in resource-limited settings. However, the literature also emphasizes the importance of combining POCUS with traditional methods, such as fundoscopy and optical coherence tomography (OCT), to ensure diagnostic accuracy. The review concludes that adopting integrated protocols and ongoing professional training are essential to optimize the diagnosis and treatment of RD in emergencies. Further research is recommended to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of different diagnostic approaches.