ENDOMETRIOSIS AND FERTILITY: EFFECTS IN PREGNANCY AND THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES

Abstract

Introduction: Endometriosis is a gynecological condition characterized by the growth of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, which can affect female fertility. It is estimated that up to 50% of women with endometriosis experience difficulty getting pregnant. The effects of endometriosis in pregnancy include anatomical changes and pelvic inflammation, which can impair reproductive function. Therapeutic approaches for infertility associated with endometriosis range from hormonal and surgical treatments to in vitro fertilization (IVF), depending on the severity of the case and the patient's desire to preserve fertility. Objective: Analyze the effects of endometriosis on female fertility, addressing its implications for pregnancy. Methodology: The research was conducted through online access to the databases Documentation on Health Sciences in Latin America and the Caribbean (LILACS), Health Sciences Information Center in Latin America and the Caribbean (Bireme), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) and Virtual Health Library (VHL) during the month of August 2024. Results and Discussion: The results indicate that endometriosis can compromise fertility by causing adhesions, inflammation and anatomical changes that make conception difficult. Studies show that women with endometriosis have lower fertilization and embryo implantation rates. Therapeutic approaches, such as hormonais treatments and laparoscopic surgeries, have been shown to be effective in some cases, improving the chances of pregnancy. Furthermore, in vitro fertilization (IVF) appears as an important option, especially in severe cases. However, the success of treatments varies depending on the extent of endometriosis and the time since diagnosis. Final Considerations:  It is concluded that endometriosis can significantly impact fertility, making natural conception difficult for many women. Although there are several therapeutic options, such as hormonais treatments, surgeries and assisted reproduction techniques, success depends on the severity of the disease and individualized treatment. Early identification and choosing the appropriate treatment are crucial to improving the chances of pregnancy in patients with endometriosis.