PHYSIOTHERAPY ASSESSMENT AND INTERVENTION IN THE PREVENTION OF FALLS IN THE ELDERLY

Abstract

Introduction: Preventing falls in the elderly is an area of ​​great importance in physiotherapy, as falls represent a significant risk to the health and quality of life of this population. With aging, several physiological changes occur, such as a decrease in muscle strength, balance and coordination, which increase the likelihood of falls. Physiotherapy assessment seeks to identify individual risk factors, such as mobility deficits, postural instability and muscle weakness. Objectives: Assess risk factors and implement specific physiotherapeutic interventions to prevent falls in the elderly. Methodology: The research was carried out through online access to the National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) databases in June 2024. Results and Discussions: They demonstrate a significant reduction in the incidence of falls and improvements in parameters such as muscle strength, balance and mobility. Personalized exercise programs, including muscle strengthening and balance training, have been shown to be effective in increasing postural stability and confidence in older adults in their daily activities. The discussion of these results highlights the importance of a multifactorial approach, considering both physical, environmental and behavioral aspects. Furthermore, it reinforces the need for continuous monitoring to maintain the benefits achieved and adapt interventions as aging progresses. Conclusion: In conclusion, physical therapy assessment and intervention play a crucial role in preventing falls in the elderly. By identifying risk factors and implementing specific strategies, it is possible to improve the strength, balance and mobility of older people, significantly reducing the risk of falls. In addition to preventing injuries, these interventions contribute to maintaining independence and quality of life in old age. The proactive and personalized action of physiotherapists is, therefore, essential to promote the health and well-being of the elderly population.