Análise epidemiológica da hanseníase: um estudo detalhado da situação do município de Goianésia.

Abstract

Leprosy is a progressive and infectious bacterial disease, whose etiological agent is Mycobacterium leprae, which preferentially infects the skin and peripheral nerves. The scope and its high disabling power keep the disease as a public health problem, classified as a neglected tropical disease related to socioeconomic inequality. The present study aims to describe the epidemiological profile of leprosy in Brazil, in the state of Goiás, focusing on Goianésia, also evaluating the form of treatment and evolution of leprosy in this period. The data showed that around 7,042 cases of the disease were registered in Goiás in the period from 2018 to 2023, among them, 127 cases were reported in Goianésia-GO. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, retrospective and quantitative study, carried out between 2013 and 2023. The data were collected at the SUS Information Technology Department (DATASUS), using the variables of year of diagnosis and region of notification. A reduction in the number of leprosy cases was noted from 2013 to 2023, continuing from 2019 to 2023, showing better control of the disease in Brazil, in the state of Goiás and in Goianésia. However, Brazil remains an endemic country for leprosy, making it essential to perpetuate the monitoring of new cases and remain vigilant to achieve the goal of the World Health Organization. Therefore, the primary focus on the country, the state of Goiás and The municipality of Goianésia supervises the disease, thus managing to maintain the reduction in cases.