EFFICACY OF COVID-19 VACCINES IN POPULATIONS WITH COMORBIDITIES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36557/2674-8169.2024v6n8p881-895Keywords:
COVID-19, vaccines, comorbidities, vaccine efficacy, booster doses, SARS-CoV-2 variantsAbstract
Objectives: Evaluate the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines in individuals with comorbidities and examine the need for booster doses to maintain immunity, especially in the face of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Methods: Systematic review of the literature, including observational studies and randomized clinical trials that reported vaccine efficacy in populations with comorbidities, using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.
Results: mRNA, viral vector, and inactivated virus vaccines showed variations in efficacy in individuals with chronic conditions. The administration of booster doses was crucial to sustaining immunity and enhancing protection, particularly against variants such as Delta and Omicron.
Conclusion: Adaptive vaccination strategies, prioritizing booster doses and evidence-based public health policies, are essential to protect vulnerable populations and mitigate the impacts of COVID-19. A multifaceted approach and ongoing research are vital to ensure an effective response to the pandemic.
Downloads
References
Mahase E. Efficacy of covid-19 vaccines in immunocompromised patients. BMJ. 2021;375:e068632. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2021-068632.
Panahi Y, Einollahi B, Beiraghdar F, Darvishi M, Fathi S, Javanbakht M, et al. Fully understanding the efficacy profile of the COVID-19 vaccination and its associated factors in multiple real-world settings. Front Immunol. 2022;13:947602. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.947602.
Chung H, He S, Nasreen S, Sundaram ME, Buchan SA, Wilson SE, et al. Association between vaccination rates and COVID-19 health outcomes in the United States. BMC Public Health. 2021;21:1439. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-12343-z.
Tartof SY, Slezak JM, Fischer H, Hong V, Ackerson BK, Ranasinghe ON, et al. Waning of vaccine effectiveness against moderate and severe COVID-19. BMJ. 2021;375:e068740. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2021-068740.
Tanriover MD, Doğanay HL, Akova M, Guner HR, Azap A, Timurkaynak F, et al. Comparative efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines in phase III trials: a network meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis. 2021;21:995. doi: 10.1186/s12879-021-06313-2.
Chung H, He S, Nasreen S, Sundaram ME, Buchan SA, Wilson SE, et al. SARS-CoV-2 vaccine effectiveness against infection, symptomatic and severe COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis. 2021;21:879. doi: 10.1186/s12879-021-06326-x.
Krammer F. COVID-19 vaccine update: vaccine effectiveness, SARS-CoV-2 variants, boosters, adverse effects, and immune correlates of protection. J Biomed Sci. 2021;28:72. doi: 10.1186/s12929-021-00772-4.
Williamson EJ, Walker AJ, Bhaskaran K, Bacon S, Bates C, Morton CE, et al. Comorbidities and covid-19. BMJ. 2021;375:n2853. doi: 10.1136/bmj.n2853.
Nasreen S, He S, Chung H, Sundaram ME, Buchan SA, Fell DB, et al. Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Med. 2021;19:108. doi: 10.1186/s12916-021-02108-4.
Teerawattananon Y, Dabak SV, Sricharoenchai S, Santatiwongchai B, Pongsiri P, Luz A, et al. A systematic review of methodological approaches for evaluating real-world effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines: Advising resource-constrained settings. PLOS ONE. 2022;17(5):e0259825. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259825.
Ranzani OT, Hitchings MDT, Dorion M, D’Agostini TL, de Paula RC, de Paula OFP, et al. Real-world effectiveness and factors associated with effectiveness of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis. BMC Med. 2023;21:38. doi: 10.1186/s12916-023-02716-9.
Moore S, Hill EM, Tildesley MJ, Dyson L, Keeling MJ. Evolution of the data and methods in real-world COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness studies on mortality: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open. 2023;13:e079071. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079071.
Bernal JL, Andrews N, Gower C, Robertson C, Stowe J, Tessier E, et al. Real-world effectiveness of covid-19 vaccines. BMJ. 2023;382:n2015. doi: 10.1136/bmj.n2015.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Gabriel Fares Abib , Maria Eduarda de Toledo Barros, Giovanna Maiochi Veiga , Laura Ribeiro Santos , Giovana Ayumi Gondo, Yuri Brito Shiroma, Gustavo Lazzarotto e Silva de Mello, Sofia Sunyé Majella, Jose Antonio Dutra Bisneto, Amanda Oliveira Vieira Marques, Nicolas Jose Suek Cechelero, José Pedro Figueiredo Lima , Isadora dos Santos Arantes
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors are copyright holders under a CCBY 4.0 license.
