Análise dos Indicadores de Neoplasia Maligna do Cólon no Brasil em 2024: Estudo Ecológico

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Malignant neoplasm of the colon, or colorectal cancer, is a serious condition that arises in the colon or rectum, with high prevalence and global mortality. In Brazil, the combination of genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors contributes to its increase. This study analyzes the rates of hospitalizations, deaths and mortality due to colonic malignancy between January and May 2024, highlighting regional inequalities and the need for more effective health strategies. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to quantify and analyze the rates of hospitalizations, deaths and mortality rates due to malignant neoplasia of the colon in Brazil. METHODOLOGY: The retrospective study with a quantitative approach used data from the SUS Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS), provided by the SUS Information Technology Department (TABNET/DATASUS). The analysis covered hospitalizations, deaths and mortality rates due to malignant colon neoplasia in Brazil from January to May 2024, using descriptive statistics and tabulation in Microsoft Excel 2016 and Microsoft Word 10 spreadsheets. RESULTS: Between January and May 2024, the Southeast Region led with 44.98% of hospitalizations and 58.28% of deaths due to malignant neoplasia of the colon, reflecting a high mortality rate of 10 .78. The North Region had the highest mortality rate (14.37) and only 1.78% of hospitalizations. The South and Northeast regions showed significant numbers, highlighting regional disparities in the management and treatment of colorectal cancer in Brazil. CONCLUSION: Therefore, the analysis of data on hospitalizations, deaths and mortality rates due to malignant colon neoplasia in Brazil between January and May 2024 reveals notable regional disparities, highlighting inequality in access and quality of care. The Southeast Region has better rates due to a more advanced health infrastructure, while the North and Central-West face significant challenges. It is imperative to adopt more equitable healthcare policies and invest in infrastructure to reduce these inequities and improve outcomes for all patients.