Análise dos Indicadores de Neoplasia Maligna de Estômago no Brasil, no Período entre 2013 e 2023

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Stomach malignancy, or gastric cancer, refers to the disordered growth of malignant cells in the lining of the stomach, resulting in a tumor that can invade adjacent tissues and spread to other parts of the body. Considered one of the main causes of cancer mortality worldwide, this condition is especially prevalent in developing countries. This article will analyze the hospitalizations, deaths and mortality rates associated with this condition, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and advanced therapeutic interventions. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to quantify and analyze the rates of hospitalizations, deaths and mortality rates due to stomach malignancy in Brazil. METHODOLOGY: This is a retrospective study with a quantitative approach, carried out from data collection by the SUS Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS), made available by the secondary database of the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (TABNET /DATASUS). The data studied referred to hospitalizations, deaths and the mortality rate due to malignant neoplasia of the stomach in Brazil in the period between January 2013 and December 2023. The analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics, tabulation in an electronic spreadsheet using the Microsoft Excel program 2016 arranged in tables using Microsoft Word 10. RESULTS: From January 2013 to December 2023, 316,228 hospitalizations for malignant stomach neoplasia were recorded in Brazil. The Southeast Region had the highest percentage of hospitalizations (43.25%), followed by the South Region (24.02%). In the same period, there were 48,785 deaths, with the highest concentration also in the Southeast Region (48.28%). The mortality rate varied between 12.16 in the South Region and 22.39 in the North Region. CONCLUSION: Therefore, the analysis highlights significant regional disparities in the management of stomach malignancy in Brazil, highlighting the urgent need for public policies to improve access to early diagnosis and treatment, especially in regions with high mortality rates, such as the North. Specific regional strategies are crucial to reducing inequalities in the care and treatment of this condition, promoting a more equitable distribution of healthcare resources and improving outcomes for patients across the country.