FORMS OF PRESENTATION OF THE BASIS OF THE MENTAL REGION IN AN OSTEOLOGICAL COLLECTION FROM THE NORTHEAST REGION OF BRAZIL.

Abstract

In Anatomy, anatomical variation is a deviation from the normal morphology of an organ or structure of an individual that does not harm function and can occur internally or externally. In human skulls we find many bone variations, both in the shape, number, location and size of the bones, including the mandible, presenting countless anatomical variations and also being an important reference when determining sex and age in the area of ​​Forensic Anthropology. The mental region may present some changes, both in the anterior and posterior norms. In the previous standard we found some variations such as the shape of the submental notch and the base of this region. Given the above, we decided to verify the presentation of the base of the mental region in dry mandibles of adults. We used a sample of 469 jaws, 174 female and 295 male. We classify variations in the base of the mental region into three types: Type 1, rounded; Type 2, with the presence of the submental notch and Type 3 straight. In relation to the total sample (n=469), Type 2 was the most frequent with 52% of cases, followed by Type 1 with 27.75% and Type 3 with 20.25%. In males, Type 2 was the most common, with a balance between Types 1 and 3. In females, Type 2 was also the most common with 50% of cases, followed by Type 1 and Type 3 with only 12, 65% of cases. We hope that more studies will be carried out in our population, as they are scarce and most were carried out in a foreign population.