PROPHYLACTIC AND THERAPEUTIC MASTECTOMY TECHNIQUES: ANESTHETIC APPROACHES AND SURGICAL RESULTS

Abstract

Mastectomy, a surgical procedure for partial or total removal of the breast, is a crucial intervention in both the treatment and prevention of breast cancer. It can be performed prophylactically, in cases of high genetic risk, or therapeutically, for patients diagnosed with the disease. The choice of the appropriate surgical and anesthetic technique plays a fundamental role in the clinical results and postoperative quality of life of patients. In this context, integration between the surgical and anesthetic team is essential to guarantee the safety and effectiveness of the procedure. Objective: To analyze and compare the different mastectomy techniques, both prophylactic and therapeutic, and their respective anesthetic approaches. Methodology: The Cochrane, Scielo and Pubmed databases were used, searching for articles published between 2022 and 2024, in Portuguese or English. Final Considerations: Mastectomy techniques, both prophylactic and therapeutic, represent important pillars in the treatment and prevention of breast cancer. Integration between the surgical and anesthetic teams is fundamental to the success of these procedures, ensuring not only oncological effectiveness, but also the quality of life of patients. Thus, the appropriate choice of anesthetic technique, effective management of postoperative pain and the implementation of accelerated recovery protocols are essential aspects to improve surgical results and the experience of patients undergoing mastectomy. Therefore, it is imperative that healthcare professionals involved in these surgeries work together, always aiming for the well-being and safety of patients.