RISK FACTORS AND PREVENTION OF POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE IN WOMEN UNDERGOING CESAREAN SECTION

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Postpartum hemorrhage is caused by blood loss during childbirth, which can be 500ml in natural birth and 1000ml in cesarean section, or any blood loss that causes hemodynamic instability in the woman. PPH is the second biggest cause of morbidity and mortality in Brazil, and every 4 minutes a woman dies in the world due to PPH. OBJECTIVE: To describe the risk factors and prevention of postpartum hemorrhage in women undergoing cesarean section. METHOD: The research is a literature review, carried out based on the guiding question: What are the risk factors and prevention of postpartum hemorrhage in women undergoing cesarean section? The elaboration of the question was constructed using the PICO strategy, with “P” being population: pregnant women at risk of postpartum hemorrhage, “I” Interest: Assessment of risk factors and prevention of postpartum hemorrhage in women undergoing cesarean section, “C” and “O” context: Description of risk factors and prevention of postpartum hemorrhage in women undergoing cesarean section. An advanced search was used through the Virtual Health Library (VHL), crossing the descriptors with the Boolean operators “AND” and “OR”. RESULTS: Through advanced research, 2,673 were obtained, which were filtered and 6 of them were used in the research discussion, which resulted in two categories, namely: Medications and prevention of postpartum hemorrhage; and Risk factors that cause postpartum hemorrhage. CONCLUSION: According to what was reported in the research, it was observed that the majority of articles used were in English, demonstrating the lack of articles on the subject in Brazil, in addition, we realized that the doctor's knowledge and other health professionals about postpartum hemorrhage and how to act to prevent it and if it occurs at the time of birth. There are several risk factors that can complicate childbirth and cause PPH, however, they can be prevented with the use of some medications before the baby is born, one of which is oxytocin.