Importância do rastreio e detecção precoce do câncer de colo de útero: uma revisão

Abstract

Cervical cancer is a pathology that progresses slowly in most cases and, among the types of cancer, has the greatest potential for cure and prevention. This malignancy is generally associated with low socioeconomic levels and greater social vulnerability. The aim of this article is to elucidate the importance of screening and early detection through preventive examinations, most of which are carried out in Primary Health Care. The work was developed through an integrative literature review, and aims to address the importance of screening and early detection of cervical cancer. The articles selected for the study were taken from the SciELO, PubMed and VHL databases.  The search for related works was carried out using descriptors such as "Preventive", "Screening", "Prevention". The relevance of cervical cancer screening was noted, given its potential to reduce the pathology by 70% and its ability to detect it even in the early stages and reduce mortality by 80%. It is also necessary to emphasize the importance of clarifying the exam in order to improve adherence to it. It is a simple, non-invasive test that is provided at primary health care levels, making it easy to access for collection and prevention. In addition, the HPV vaccine is an essential part of the prevention of cervical cancer.