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Abstract
The concept of intoxication refers to the condition in which the body is exposed to toxic substances in sufficient quantities to cause harm to health. These substances can include chemicals, medicines, illicit drugs, alcohol, poisonous plants, among others. Symptoms of poisoning vary depending on the substance involved and the amount ingested, and may include nausea, vomiting, headaches, dizziness, difficulty breathing, convulsions and even coma. Treatment usually involves supportive measures to remove the substance from the body and treat symptoms. The associated risks vary depending on the substance, quantity and the person's health conditions. They can include organ damage, respiratory problems, neurological effects, allergic reactions, risk of overdose and accidental poisoning. The objective of this integrative review focuses on understanding the complete clinical approach in relation to intoxicated patients, including prophylactic measures, diagnosis and therapeutic options for treatment in more serious cases. In conclusion, treatment and diagnosis of poisoning are crucial to ensuring patient health and safety. Diagnosis usually involves evaluation of symptoms, medical history and, in some cases, laboratory tests to identify the substance involved. Treatment may include supportive measures such as administration of antidotes, gastric lavage, administration of activated charcoal, and intravenous fluid therapy. Speedy medical intervention is essential to minimize damage and prevent serious complications. Therefore, in case of suspected poisoning, it is essential to seek immediate medical assistance.
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