Diabetes: quality of life related to oral health and oral changes.

Abstract

Background and Objectives. About 5% of the world's population is affected by diabetes; these patients should be treated later during medical and surgical treatments. These patients, due to glycemic conditions, perceive multiorgan changes throughout their lives, in different districts of the body. In addition, this condition forces them to undergo hypoglycemic therapies. Diabetes is a risk factor for many diseases, including those related to the oral district with immunological implications. Materials and methods. A comprehensive literature review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines by accessing the NCBI PubMed database. The authors performed the search for articles in the English language. The results of the last 10 years were considered, which provide useful information on oral conditions. A total of 17 relevant studies were included in the review. The study only evaluated articles with specific inclusion criteria regarding oral health. The works initially considered were 782; subsequently applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, there were 42 works. After a careful analysis of the works obtained by two academics who worked separately, 17 studies were carried out. All data from the studies were compared and many of them confirmed alteration in the oral district. Results. The studies considered evaluated several factors, such as OHRQoL, QoL and oral alterations, involving soft tissues, dental structures and post-rehabilitation complications, in addition to immunological alterations. Conclusions. In conclusion, we can state that this study has brought to light those complications that result from diabetic pathology, from different points of view. Psychological and psychosocial changes, certainly present in these patients, are probably due to local and systemic changes; this is confirmed by the correlation between oral health and quality of life reported by patients.