PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMORS: A REVIEW OF CHALLENGES IN DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT

Abstract

The incidence of brain tumors in children has attracted increasing attention due to the unique challenges they present in diagnosis and treatment. This article proposes a comprehensive review of these challenges, exploring the complexities in the diagnostic process, the pathophysiological peculiarities of these neoplasms and the therapeutic strategies faced. By critically examining these aspects, we seek to contribute to a deeper understanding of these pediatric tumors, aiming to improve the effectiveness of clinical approaches and provide better treatment prospects for affected children. Objectives:  The purpose of this article is to comprehensively analyze the challenges faced in the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric brain tumors, exploring the clinical nuances, risk factors, and therapeutic complexities associated with these neoplasms. Methodology:  Data collection was conducted through the following databases: Nursing Database (BDENF), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), PubMed, Latin American Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS). Various types of publications were consulted, including scientific articles, monographs and magazines, with the aim of obtaining relevant information on the topic. Results and Discussions:  The complexity in early diagnosis and effective treatment of pediatric brain tumors. The diversity of these neoplasms, combined with the anatomical and physiological particularities in children, highlights the need for multidisciplinary and personalized approaches. The review highlights the importance of therapeutic strategies such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, in addition to highlighting the challenges associated with possible sequelae and impacts on quality of life. The discussion highlights the relevance of advances in the molecular understanding of these tumors to target more precise therapies. This analysis aims to contribute to the optimization of clinical practices and the continuous improvement of the management of these complex conditions in pediatric patients. Conclusion: In conclusion, pediatric brain tumors present unique challenges in diagnosis and treatment, requiring specialized and multidisciplinary approaches. The complexity of these conditions underscores the continued need for advances in research, early diagnosis, and personalized therapeutic options to significantly improve outcomes and quality of life for affected children. Collaboration between healthcare professionals, researchers and communities is crucial to address these challenges and advance the field of pediatric brain oncology.