RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRESSURE INJURY IN PATIENTS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

Abstract

The present study aims to evaluate, through bibliographic survey, the risk of Pressure Injury (PPI) in patients admitted to Intensive Care Units (ICU), identifying their related risks and analyzing the main prevention measures and the importance of nursing care. Qualitative descriptive study whose instrument used for its preparation was a literature review, seeking to achieve the proposed objective. PPI is characterized by a change in the skin, usually near regions of bony prominence, where pressure occurs that has not been attenuated. The development of the injury occurs through critical etiological determinants, such as the intensity and duration of the

Research, Society and Development, v. , n. e. , 2022

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pressure associated with the tolerance of the tissues to withstand certain pressure exerted. The risk factors are: impaired mobility and activity, sensory perception, factors that reduce tissue tolerance (extrinsic and intrinsic). Prevention is a challenge for the whole team and an indispensable care, because of the work required and the high costs to deal with the consequences of the onset. The nursing team relies on some risk assessment tools for prevention, such as the Braden scale, which helps to identify the patient at risk and also the risk factors that are associated, helping in decision making for the planning of individualized preventive measures. It is important to conduct new studies on the subject to help in the prevention and treatment of PPI, thus encouraging the search for new research, always aiming to inform about the proper updates on the subject, bringing benefits to readers in search of innovation, and health itself.