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Abstract
Immune thrombocytopenia is a condition in which the immune system attacks and destroys blood platelets, leading to complications such as excessive bleeding. This review aims to explore current strategies in the diagnosis and treatment of immune thrombocytopenia, aiming to improve the understanding and management of this challenging hematological condition. Objective: The aim of this study is to analyze the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to immune thrombocytopenia, highlighting current trends and knowledge gaps. The methodology involved systematic literature search using health science descriptors and careful selection of relevant studies for analysis. Methodology: Descriptors such as "Immune Thrombocytopenia," "Pathophysiology," "Diagnosis," and "Treatment" were used in various combinations to identify relevant articles in electronic databases. Inclusion criteria were defined based on relevance to the topic and methodological quality of selected studies. After identifying relevant studies, available diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in clinical practice were analyzed. Results: Analysis of selected studies revealed a variety of diagnostic strategies used, including laboratory tests and imaging. Regarding treatment, therapeutic options such as corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, and spleen-directed therapies were identified. Additionally, new therapeutic approaches under development, such as targeted biological therapies, were explored as promising alternatives. Conclusion: In conclusion, immune thrombocytopenia represents a significant clinical challenge that requires a multidisciplinary and individualized approach to its management. Understanding underlying mechanisms, early identification of patients at risk, and access to effective treatments are crucial for improving clinical outcomes and patients' quality of life. Continuity of research and medical education are essential to advance knowledge and treatment of this complex hematological condition.
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