BIOMARCADORES PRECOCES E PREVENÇÃO COMO NOVO PARADIGMA EM DOENÇA DE ALZHEIMER E DOENÇA DE PARKINSON: REVISÃO NARRATIVA ESTRUTURADA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36557/2674-8169.2026v8n11p190-213Palavras-chave:
Biomarcadores, Doença de Alzheimer, Doença de ParkinsonResumo
Objetivos: Sintetizar evidências sobre biomarcadores em DA e DP, diferenciar funções diagnósticas de preventivas, quantificar impactos econômicos e de equidade, e estruturar diretrizes para metanálises futuras.Metodologia: Revisão narrativa estruturada (março de 2026) nas bases PubMed e Embase. Aplicou-se estratégia PICO dupla, critérios de elegibilidade predefinidos e avaliação de viés via QUADAS-2, ROBINS-I e RoB 2, com graduação de evidência pelo sistema GRADE.Resultados: Onze estudos primários foram analisados. Em DA, a p-tau217 atingiu acurácia de 85–91%; alterações moleculares precedem o diagnóstico em 18 anos. Em DP, a sensibilidade da $\alpha$-sinucleína SAA superou 0,91. No campo terapêutico, o lecanemabe apresentou ICER de US$ 981.000/QALY, excedendo o limiar de custo-efetividade (US$ 150.000). Disparidades étnicas foram detectadas: afro-americanos apresentam p-tau181 sistematicamente menor e positividade em PET amiloide 7–12% inferior, apesar de taxas superiores de demência clínica.Conclusão: A neurologia de precisão é operacionalmente viável para diagnóstico, mas sua consolidação como medicina preventiva requer validação em populações diversas e sustentabilidade econômica. A implementação equitativa exige padronização global de plataformas e calibração de pontos de corte biológicos para mitigar disparidades diagnósticas.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Adriane Ribeiro Jorge Amorim , Jhessica Mousinho Jorge de Carvalho , Renan Jorge Amorim , Eliza Matos de melo, Reilane cristina Barroso Barra , Giovanni Monteiro Matos , Juliana Rocha Sampaio Costa , Ana Carolina Duarte Magalhães Duarte Ribeiro, José Gabriel Espíndola Bastos , Juan Fernando Cavaleiro de Macedo bardalez rivera , Eduarda Corrêa Néis , Luiza Sulzbach Silveira , Tamilis De Azevedo Neves , Eduarda emilly Silva Costa , Larissa Araújo Queiroz , Davi Leal landim cruz
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Os autores são detentores dos direitos autorais mediante uma licença CCBY 4.0.
