Farmacogenética dos Agonistas de GLP-1 em Populações Miscigenadas Brasileiras: Polimorfismos Associados a Variabilidade na Resposta Glicêmica, Perda Ponderal e Eventos Adversos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36557/2674-8169.2026v8n2p494-515Palavras-chave:
Agonistas do GLP-1, Receptor GLP1R, Farmacogenética, Polimorfismo GenéticoResumo
Introdução: Agonistas de GLP-1 são eficazes no diabetes tipo 2 e obesidade, mas apresentam grande variabilidade interindividual em resposta glicêmica, perda ponderal e eventos adversos. Em populações miscigenadas brasileiras, a distribuição de variantes genéticas pode alterar associações farmacogenéticas descritas em populações europeias/asiáticas. Objetivo: Sintetizar evidências farmacogenéticas sobre agonistas de GLP-1 associadas à resposta glicêmica, perda ponderal e eventos adversos, enfatizando aplicabilidade e lacunas em populações brasileiras miscigenadas. Metodologia: Revisão narrativa em PubMed, Scopus, SciELO e LILACS (2010–fevereiro/2026), priorizando ensaios clínicos, estudos farmacogenômicos, revisões sistemáticas e dados brasileiros de genética populacional. Síntese qualitativa temática. Resultados: GLP1R é gene candidato central, com variantes como rs6923761 mostrando associações heterogêneas. Estudos sugerem interação genótipo-tratamento com liraglutida. Variantes em GLP1R e vias como ARRB1 podem modular resposta metabólica e eventos adversos gastrointestinais, mas evidências são limitadas. No Brasil, dados específicos são escassos, sem estudos robustos controlando ancestralidade local. Conclusão: A farmacogenética dos agonistas de GLP-1 é promissora mas insuficiente para decisões clínicas individuais, especialmente em populações miscigenadas. Agenda prioritária requer coortes brasileiras com genotipagem ampla e ajuste por ancestralidade.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Jullie Ana Di Paula Matos de Sousa, Vitor Rocha Leitão, João Luis de Sena Figueira, Cecília Mariana Lobo de Araújo , Helena Corradini Rossy, Sophya Amaral Neves Braga, Carolina Soares Chady , Lorena Elza Rêgo Ferreira , Mário Antônio Mendes Libório Filho , Maria Eduarda de Lima Dacier Lobato, Alice Beatriz Lima Farias, Alcilene Monteiro Lima
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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