Mudanças no estilo de vida em crianças e adolescentes reduzem os riscos do desenvolvimento de diabetes mellitus tipo II

Abstract

Type II diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that has become increasingly prevalent in children and adolescents worldwide. Factors such as obesity, unhealthy diets and lack of physical activity are the main risk factors for the development of this disease in these age groups. Nevertheless, Recent studies have shown that education on adopting a healthy lifestyle can help significantly reduce the risk of developing type II diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents. This article is aimed to assess whether lifestyle changes had any impact on the development of type II diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents. The following PICO question was used for the elaboration of this study: "How Can Lifestyle Changes in Children and Adolescents Reduce the Risks of Developing Type II Diabetes Mellitus?". The descriptors used were "Child", "Adolescent", "Healthy habits", "Sedentary lifestyles", "Healthy lifestyle", "Lifestyle" and "Type II diabetes mellitus". The method used was an integrative review in studies available on the VHL, PUBMED and SCIELO platforms, over a 5-year period between 2018 and 2023, these studies were released on the Rayyan platform for analysis. After applying the inclusion criteria, 6 studies were selected from the 137 found on the PUBMED platform, in BVS, of the 143 results found, 5 were selected, and in the SCIELO platform, none was selected for analysis. It was concluded that these changes include a balanced diet rich in nutrients, as well as regular physical activity. Only in this way will it be possible to reduce the incidence of type II diabetes mellitus and improve the quality of life of these children and adolescents.