Evidence-Based Dental Protocols for the Management of Cardiovascular Diseases

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of global morbidity and mortality and have a direct impact on dental care, requiring specific protocols to prevent complications during clinical procedures. The aim of this study was to review and systematize evidence-based dental guidelines for the safe management of patients with cardiovascular conditions. The methodology consisted of a narrative literature review in PubMed, SciELO, and CAPES databases, including articles published between 2015 and 2025, as well as national and international guidelines. Studies addressing clinical protocols for arterial hypertension, heart failure, arrhythmias, infective endocarditis, and acute myocardial infarction were selected. Results showed that dental management must be individualized, preceded by detailed anamnesis and careful clinical evaluation. The main protocols identified include blood pressure monitoring, appropriate selection of local anesthetics considering vasoconstrictor use, special attention to hemorrhagic risk in anticoagulated patients, accurate indications for antibiotic prophylaxis, and postoperative care adapted to systemic conditions. Multidisciplinary integration between dentists and physicians proved essential to reducing cardiovascular risks and improving therapeutic safety. It is concluded that dental care for cardiac patients requires constant updating and the application of evidence-based protocols, with individualized approaches and interdisciplinary collaboration ensuring greater clinical predictability, patient safety, and scientific support for dental practice.