Comparison of Techniques: Robotic Appendectomy vs. Laparoscopic.

Abstract

Introduction:  Acute appendicitis requires surgical interventions such as appendectomy, which can be performed using minimally invasive techniques such as laparoscopy (AL) and, more recently, robot-assisted surgery (AR). Objective: Compare the effectiveness, safety and costs of both surgical techniques. Method: A bibliographic search was conducted in medical databases, evaluating recent studies between 2018 and 2023. Results: The results indicate that, although surgical times do not differ significantly between AL and AR, AR offers a faster postoperative recovery. However, the high costs associated with RA limit its application, especially in resource-constrained healthcare systems. Evidence suggests that RA reduces intraoperative complications, but its high cost raises questions about its widespread adoption. Discussion: AL, despite its limitations, remains effective and accessible, with low complication and morbidity rates. AR improves surgical precision, but the high cost and requirement for specialized training limit its applicability. Patient preferences, influenced by postoperative pain and aesthetic considerations, are also crucial in the surgical decision. Conclusions: Although AR has advantages in terms of precision and recovery, its adoption must be evaluated against its high costs. LA, being accessible and effective, insists as the preferred option in many contexts until there is more evidence to justify a change towards AR.