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Abstract
Objectives: Evaluate the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines in individuals with comorbidities and examine the need for booster doses to maintain immunity, especially in the face of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Methods: A bibliographic review of the literature, including observational studies and randomized clinical trials, reporting vaccine efficacy in populations with comorbidities, using databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and MEDLINE.
Results: mRNA, viral vector, and inactivated virus vaccines showed variations in efficacy in individuals with chronic conditions. Administering booster doses was crucial to sustain immunity and enhance protection, especially against variants like Delta and Omicron. Anxiety was one of the most common problems among HCWs, with prevalence ranging from 37% to 41.42%. Depression, PTSD, insomnia, and burnout were also prevalent. Risk factors included female gender, young age, working in ICUs, long working hours, and direct contact with COVID-19 patients.
Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic had a profound impact on the mental health of healthcare workers (HCWs). Adaptive vaccination strategies, prioritizing booster doses and evidence-based public health policies, are essential to protect vulnerable populations and mitigate the impacts of COVID-19. Implementing wellness programs, psychological counseling, resilience training, and social and organizational support proved effective in reducing the negative impacts on HCWs' mental health. Policies and practices must be developed to address HCWs' mental health needs, ensuring a safe and supportive work environment.
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Copyright (c) 2024 William Simão Jatene , Henrique Seiji Arashiro , Jonas Heron de Pauli Flaksberg, Ana Carolina Passos, Sofia Sunyé Majella , Juliana Marrafon Linário Leal , José Pedro Figueiredo Lima , Maria Eduarda de Toledo Barros , Luísa Zanelatto de Araujo , Giovana Lais Bassani Cruz , Melina Costa Lopes Sa