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Abstract
This review aims to evaluate the pathophysiological aspects, as well as to evaluate the role of ultrasonography during pregnancies complicated by GDM. For this, the progress of the research began with the definition of the descriptors indexed by the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and by the Health Sciences Descriptor (DeCS). For the searches, the PubMed databases were consulted, through the virtual access of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI); and Lilacs, through electronic access from the Virtual Health Library (VHL). Articles were identified and selected from the MeSH strategy with the following terms related to the topic addressed: Gestational diabetes, glucose and pregnancy, ultrasound and fetal vitality, fetal vitality, polyhydramnios and gestational diabetes. As a result, we saw that complications resulting from DM and adverse perinatal outcomes are directly related to maternal metabolic control, from the phase, with regard to the programming of pregnancy, since DM is strongly associated with cogenital anomalies (CAs ), regarding complications in the last trimester of pregnancy, highlighting the large fetus for gestational age (macrosomic) as risk predictors, associated with polyhydramnios, since excess glucose in maternal blood crosses the placenta, leading to fetal hyperglycemia, and this, in turn, triggers fetal osmotic diuresis.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Luísa de Oliveira e Silva , Laís Silva Sousa , Bruna Lagemann , Laiz Rosa e Andrade , Larissa Borges Gregoletto , Melissa Uchôa da Silva , Kelvin Lucas Rodrigues Martins , Dyago Silva Santos , Isadora Lessa Silva Damasceno , Mariana Pereira Dutra , André Luiz da Silva Aranha , Carlos Eduardo Mello Da Rocha, Wanderson Paiva dos Santos