Hospital morbidity due to Parkinson's disease: Investigation of the epidemiological profile in the Brazilian context

Abstract

Parkinson's disease is a neurological disorder with no cure caused by the progressive loss of dopamine-producing neurons. Treatment aims to reduce motor and non-motor symptoms. The disease affects gait, posture and causes bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor and postural instability. This condition is the second most common neurodegenerative disease globally, affecting around 1% of the population over 65 years of age, with approximately 200,000 cases in Brazil. In this sense, this study aims to analyze and describe the epidemiological profile of hospital morbidity due to Parkinson's disease in Brazil. This study is a retrospective analysis of data from patients hospitalized for Parkinson's Disease in Brazil, from 2019 to 2023, using information from the SUS Hospital Morbidity Information System. The data was analyzed based on region, type of service, age, sex and color/race, using Microsoft Excel 2019 for calculations, tables and graphs. Regarding the nature of care, the majority of hospitalizations were classified as urgent, representing 66.01%. Regarding age group, most patients were between 60 and 79 years old, with emphasis on the age group of 60 to 69 years old (26.81%) and 70 to 79 years old (26.39%). The group of patients aged 80 or over represented 19.08% of hospitalizations. Regarding gender, there was a predominance of male patients, with 60.05% of hospitalizations. Regarding color/race, the majority of hospitalized patients were white (51.56%). In this study, a morbidity profile was outlined, where the frequency of interventions was more significant in men, white, aged over 60 years, and residing in the southeast region.