A ASSOCIAÇÃO DE MIOCARDITE E A COVID-19

Abstract

The association between COVID-19 and myocarditis, an inflammation of the heart muscle, has been a topic of increasing concern and study since the beginning of the pandemic. It explores the main aspects of this interrelationship, considering the potential impacts on the cardiovascular health of patients infected by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Myocarditis, characterized by inflammation of the heart muscle tissue, is a condition that can be triggered by various infectious agents, including viruses. In COVID-19, clinical studies and case reports have suggested a possible link between coronavirus infection and the development of myocarditis. The clinical presentation of myocarditis associated with COVID-19 varies, from asymptomatic cases to severe manifestations with significant impairment of cardiac function. Common symptoms include chest pain, fatigue, shortness of breath and palpitations, but myocarditis can also occur silently, without obvious symptoms. The pathogenesis of myocarditis in COVID-19 is not completely elucidated, but it is suggested that the host's exacerbated immune response to the virus may trigger inflammation of the heart muscle. Furthermore, the presence of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors on cardiac cells, which are used by the virus to enter cells, may play a role in direct cardiac injury. Diagnostic tests, such as cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and endomyocardial biopsy, are often used to confirm the presence of myocarditis and assess the extent of cardiac damage. Treatment of COVID-19-related myocarditis often involves targeted approaches to control inflammation in addition to symptom management and cardiac support when needed. Understanding the association between myocarditis and COVID-19 has important implications for the clinical management and long-term health of patients. Prevention strategies, such as vaccination, become crucial to reduce the risk of infection and, therefore, the potential development of cardiac complications. The relationship between COVID-19 and myocarditis represents an evolving field of research, requiring a multidisciplinary approach to better understand the underlying mechanisms and improve diagnostic, treatment and prevention strategies. Monitoring patients after recovery from COVID-19 is critical to monitoring long-term cardiac health and implementing early interventions when necessary.