EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF MALIGNANT NEOPLASIA OF THE PANCREAS IN ADULTS IN BRAZIL BETWEEN 2017 TO 2022

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Pancreatic cancer has a very unfavorable prognosis, with less than 10% survival rate within 5 years after diagnosis. Generally asymptomatic at first, it makes early detection difficult and spreads quickly. Risk factors include age, smoking and obesity, with the latter associated with a higher incidence. Surgical resection, a potentially curative method, is rare due to the location and late detection of tumors, which results in a fatal outcome. Primary health care is crucial in prevention, especially to minimize socioeconomic disparities that can affect incidence. OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiological profile of Malignant Neoplasia of the Pancreas in adults in Brazil between 2017 to 2022. METHODOLOGY: Cross-sectional descriptive study with a quantitative and qualitative approach, based on the collection of data present in the Hospital Information System, hosted at DATASUS on Malignant Neoplasia of the Pancreas reported in Brazil between the periods of 2017 and 2022. The data totaled 78,796 hospitalizations in this period. The indicators used were: federation units; gender; age group; education; evolution of the case to death, race/ethnicity and region of occurrence. For the literature review, the keywords and the main subject about Malignant Neoplasia of the Pancreas were relevant using the SciELO and PubMed database platforms. Articles published in the last 13 years that emphasized the description of the disease, its risk factors, the most prevalent histological types, as well as symptoms and prognosis were selected. RESULTS: Between 2017 and 2022, Brazil recorded 78,796 hospitalizations for Malignant Neoplasia of the Pancreas. The Southeast region had the highest occurrence, with 47.5% of cases, with SP being the most affected state, followed by MG, RS and PR. CONCLUSION: From 2017 to 2022, pancreatic cancer was more prevalent in Southeast Brazil, mainly in São Paulo, totaling 78,796 cases. Population density, socioeconomic conditions and access to advanced medical centers influenced this distribution. Adenocarcinoma represented 90% of cases. Remarkable advances have been made, including the identification of risk factors such as smoking and obesity, and the association with glucose problems and diabetes as early indicators. CT scanning is vital for diagnosis, but understanding genetic mutations remains a necessary area of investigation.