Palavras-chave
vitamina D
vitamina b12
Vitamina A
Vitamina C
Como Citar
Resumo
A microbiota intestinal é composta principalmente por microrganismos procariontes, sendo de extrema importância para o organismo por influenciar no metabolismo de nutrientes do hospedeiro, atuar na regulação do sistema imunológico e de sua defesa contra agentes infecciosos e no sistema nervoso. Os ácidos graxos poli-insaturados ômega-3(PUFAs ômega-3) a influenciam, modulando o tipo e a abundância de microrganismos intestinais, alterando os níveis de mediadores pró-inflamatórios, como também na regulação dos níveis de ácidos graxos de cadeia curta ou sais de ácidos graxos de cadeia curta. A vitamina D é sintetizada através da exposição da pele aos raios ultravioleta B; foram observadas mudanças na microbiota intestinal após sua suplementação (aumento de Enterobacteriaceae, por exemplo) como também inalteração em indivíduos soropositivos. A vitamina C apresenta grande influência na modulação da microbiota uma vez que é absorvida no intestino delgado proximal, apresentando através de sua suplementação o aumento de bactérias importantes como Lachnospiraceae e Blautia. A vitamina A está envolvida em vários processos fisiológicos e mostrou-se como um micronutriente regulador da microbiota intestinal pela sua suplementação, aumentando bactérias como Bifidobacterium, Bacteroidetes e Prevotella. A suplementação da vitamina B12, obtida somente através do consumo de alimentos de origem animal, também modificou a microbiota, aumentando a abundância de Bacteroidetes e Firmicutes. Com base nos estudos analisados, observa-se que há vários fatores que influenciam no papel dos micronutrientes na microbiota intestinal, como os hábitos de vida, a dieta, a região e o país, o estado nutricional e a ocorrência de doenças crônicas.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Amanda Viana Hortêncio, Brenda de Souza Marques, Denise vonDolinger de Brito Röder, Ralciane de Paula Menezes