Palavras-chave
Mídias sociais
Insatisfação corporal
Tempo de tela
Como Citar
Resumo
INTRODUÇÃO: O transtorno dismórfico corporal é caracterizado por uma preocupação excessiva em defeitos na aparência física, com comportamento e atos mentais para consertar ou esconder a falha percebida. O uso exacerbado de redes sociais pode estar relacionado com o desenvolvimento e persistência deste transtorno.OBJETIVOS: Analisar a literatura científica acerca do impacto das redes sociais no transtorno dismórfico corporal. MÉTODOS: Consiste em uma revisão sistemática, feita entre janeiro e março de 2024, nas bases de dados PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar e Scopus utilizando a estratégia de busca (“body dysmorphic disorder”) AND (“social media”). Foram incluídos artigos entre 2020 a 2024, em quaisquer idiomas, obtendo 3022 estudos. Sucedeu-se a exclusão das duplicatas (9) e que não atendiam o objetivo da pesquisa (2997), restando 16 artigos. RESULTADOS: Foram identificados diversos países com estudos no assunto, ressaltando a globalidade do problema. Descobertas incluem associações entre tempo de tela e sintomas de dismorfia muscular, aumento dos distúrbios durante o confinamento da COVID-19 e preocupações específicas como problemas de pele e insatisfação corporal. Instagram e Snapchat foram a principais redes sociais citadas. Também foram exploradas correlações com transtornos alimentares, ansiedade e fobia social. CONCLUSÃO: Conclui-se o impacto das redes sociais no transtorno dismórfico corporal, destacando associações significativas entre o uso intensivo delas e a prevalência do transtorno. Além disso, ressalta a influência dos padrões de beleza inalcançáveis, especialmente durante a pandemia de COVID-19.
Referências
Nicewicz HR, Torrico TJ, Boutrouille JF. Body Dysmorphic Disorder. Treasure Island: StatPearls Publishing; 2024.
Rossell S. Understanding and treating body dysmorphic disorder. Psychiatry Res. 2023 Jan;319:114980. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114980
Wang Y, Huang J. Untargeted metabolomic analysis of metabolites related to body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). Funct Integr Genomics. 2023 Feb 28;23(1):70. doi: 10.1007/s10142-023-00995-4.
Cooper M, Eddy KT, Thomas JJ, Franko DL, Carron-Arthur B, Keshishian AC, Griffiths KM. Muscle dysmorphia: A systematic and meta-analytic review of the literature to assess diagnostic validity. Int J Eat Disord. 2020 Oct;53(10):1583-1604. doi: 10.1002/eat.23349.
Manual diagnóstico e estatístico e transtornos mentais: DSM-5. São Paulo: Artmed; 2021.
Kagan, Maya. "The Role of Restrictive Emotionality and Social Interaction Anxiety in the Association Between Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder and Masculine Depression." The Journal of Men’s Studies 32.1 (2024): 50-64. doi: 10.1177/10608265231152136
Mallinger G, Weiler A. Psychosocial risk and body dysmorphic disorder: A systematic review. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment. 2020;30(8):1030–44. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/10911359.2020.1790463
Zubair, Ujala, Muhammad K. Khan, and Muna Albashari. "Link between excessive social media use and psychiatric disorders." Annals of medicine and surgery 85.4 (2023): 875-878. (2023). doi: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000000112
.
Hong K, Nezgovorova V, Uzunova G, Schlussel D, Hollander E. Pharmacological Treatment of Body Dysmorphic Disorder. CN. 2019;17(8):697–702. Doi: https://doi.org/10.2174/1570159X16666180426153940
Weinstein AM. Problematic Social Networking Site use-effects on mental health and the brain. Front Psychiatry. 2023 Jan 19;13:1106004. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1106004.
Bezerra, L. B., Fortkamp, M., Silva, T. O., de Souza, V. C. R. P., Machado, A. A. V., de Souza, J. C. R. P. "Excessive use of social media related to mental health and decreased sleep quality in students." Revista Eletrônica Acervo Saúde 23.7 (2023): e13030-e13030. Doi: https://doi.org/10.25248/reas.e13030.2023
Maharani AC. The influence of excessive use of social media. Indonesian Journal of Social Sciences . 2021;13(1):11.
Trott M, Johnstone J, Firth J, Grabovac I, McDermott D, Smith L. Prevalence and correlates of body dysmorphic disorder in health club users in the presence vs absence of eating disorder symptomology. Eat Weight Disord. 2021;26(4):1169–77. DOI: 10.1007/s40519-020-01018-y
Fioravanti G, Cassioli E, Rossi E, Lucherini Angeletti L, Casale S, Ricca V, Castellini G. The relationship between problematic Instagram use and eating disorders psychopathology: an explanatory structural equation model. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2023 Apr 6. doi: 10.1007/s00127-023-02477-1.
Tremblay, Simon C., Safae Essafi Tremblay, and Pierre Poirier. "From filters to fillers: an active inference approach to body image distortion in the selfie era." AI & Society 2021, 36: 33-48. doi: 10.1007/S00146-020-01015-W
Ryding FC, Kuss DJ. The use of social networking sites, body image dissatisfaction, and body dysmorphic disorder: A systematic review of psychological research. Psychology of Popular Media. 2020;9(4):412–35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000264
Khan W, Zafar Y, Khalid M. Social media and body dysmorphic disorder : Is there any link? J Pak Med Assoc. 2022;72(2):393. doi: 10.47391/JPMA.4145.
.
Fioravanti G, Bocci Benucci S, Ceragioli G, Casale S. How the Exposure to Beauty Ideals on Social Networking Sites Influences Body Image: A Systematic Review of Experimental Studies. Adolescent Res Rev. 2022;7(3):419–58. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40894-022-00179-4
Cavazos-Rehg PA, Fitzsimmons-Craft EE, Krauss MJ, Anako N, Xu C, Kasson E, Costello SJ, Wilfley DE. Examining the self-reported advantages and disadvantages of socially networking about body image and eating disorders. Int J Eat Disord. 2020 ;53(6):852-863. doi: 10.1002/eat.23282.
Scully M, Swords L, Nixon E. Social comparisons on social media: online appearance-related activity and body dissatisfaction in adolescent girls. Ir J Psychol Med. 2023 ;40(1):31-42. doi: 10.1017/ipm.2020.93.
Brailovskaia J, Margraf J, Ceccatelli S, Cosci F. The relationship among psychological distress, well-being and excessive social media use during the outbreak of Covid-19: A longitudinal investigation. Clin Psychol Psychother. 2023;30(5):1013-1019. doi: 10.1002/cpp.2853.
Tsourgiannis, L., Valsamidis, S., Karagianni, P.,Tassos, K. 2023. The Use of Internet and Social Networks During covid-19 in Greece. KnE Social Sciences. 2023; 8(1),:360–374. DOI:https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v8i1.12656.
Bi R. The Increased Reliance on Social Media During COVID-19 Affects Individuals’ Mental Well-being. Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 2023;8:689–94. Doi: https://doi.org/10.54097/ehss.v8i.4329
Bilal A, Fatima H, Usman A. Social Media Excessive Use and COVID-19 Related Stress in Young Adults. Annals of Social Sciences and Perspective . 2022;3(2):311–9. Doi: https://doi.org/10.52700/assap.v3i2.113
Orsolini L, Volpe U, Albert U, Carmassi C, Carrà G, Cirulli F, Dell'Osso B, Del Vecchio V, Di Nicola M, Giallonardo V, Luciano M, Menculini G, Nanni MG, Pompili M, Sani G, Sampogna G, Tortorella A, Fiorillo A. Use of social network as a coping strategy for depression among young people during the COVID-19 lockdown: findings from the COMET collaborative study. Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2022 Nov 14;21(1):44. doi: 10.1186/s12991-022-00419-w.
Malcolm A, Pikoos TD, Castle DJ, Rossell SL. An update on gender differences in major symptom phenomenology among adults with body dysmorphic disorder. Psychiatry Res. 2021 ;295:113619. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113619.
Phillipou A, Castle D. Body dysmorphic disorder in men. Aust Fam Physician. 2015;44(11):798-801.
Verrastro, V., Liga, F., Cuzzocrea, F., & Gugliandolo, M. C. Fear the Instagram: beauty stereotypes, body image and Instagram use in a sample of male and female adolescents. QWERTY-Interdisciplinary Journal of Technology, Culture and Education. 2020; 15 (1): 31-49. Doi: 10.30557/QW000021
Tremblay SC, Essafi Tremblay S, Poirier P. From filters to fillers: an active inference approach to body image distortion in the selfie era. AI & Soc.2021;36(1):33–48. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-020-01015-w
Stevens SM, Markatia ZA, Ameli K, Bayaraa E, Lee WW. Prevalence of Body Dysmorphic Disorder in Orbital Plastic Surgery and Its Relationship with the Use of Social Media. Aesth Plast Surg. dezembro de 2023;47(6):2447–52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-023-03483-z
Alomari AA, Makhdoom YM. Magnitude and determinants of body dysmorphic disorder among female students in Saudi public secondary schools. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences. outubro de 2019;14(5):439–47. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtumed.2019.08.006
Akinboro AO, Adelufosi AO, Onayemi O, Asaolu SO. Body dysmorphic disorder in patients attending a dermatology clinic in Nigeria: sociodemographic and clinical correlates. An Bras Dermatol. agosto de 2019;94(4):422–8. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/abd1806-4841.20197919
Gupta M, Jassi A, Krebs G. The association between social media use and body dysmorphic symptoms in young people. Front Psychol. 17 de agosto de 2023;14:1231801. Doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1231801.
Alsaidan MS, Altayar NS, Alshmmari SH, Alshammari MM, Alqahtani FT, Mohajer KA. The prevalence and determinants of body dysmorphic disorder among young social media users: A cross-sectional study. Dermatol Reports. 2020 Dec 22;12(3):8774. doi: 10.4081/dr.2020.8774.
Berjaoui A, Chahine B. Body dysmorphic disorder among Lebanese females: A cross‐sectional study. J of Cosmetic Dermatology. fevereiro de 2024;23(2):591–9. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.16003
Ateq K, Alhajji M, Alhusseini N. The association between use of social media and the development of body dysmorphic disorder and attitudes toward cosmetic surgeries: a national survey. Front Public Health. 8 de março de 2024;12:1324092. Doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1324092
Jiotsa B, Naccache B, Duval M, Rocher B, Grall-Bronnec M. Social Media Use and Body Image Disorders: Association between Frequency of Comparing One’s Own Physical Appearance to That of People Being Followed on Social Media and Body Dissatisfaction and Drive for Thinness. IJERPH. 11 de março de 2021;18(6):2880. Doi: 10.3390/ijerph18062880
Melvin K. The Associations Between Adolescent Motives for Social Media Use with Body Dysmorphia, Eating Disorder, and Anxiety and Depression Symptoms. Mississippi: Honors Theses, 2023
Hakim RF, Alrahmani DA, Ahmed DM, Alharthi NA, Fida AR, Al-Raddadi RM. Association of body dysmorphic disorder with anxiety, depression, and stress among university students. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences. outubro de 2021;16(5):689–94. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtumed.2021.05.008
Penninx BWJH, Benros ME, Klein RS, Vinkers CH. How COVID-19 shaped mental health: from infection to pandemic effects. Nat Med. outubro de 2022;28(10):2027–37. Doi: 10.1038/s41591-022-02028-2
Vall-Roqué H, Andrés A, Saldaña C. The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on social network sites use, body image disturbances and self-esteem among adolescent and young women. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. agosto de 2021;110:110293. Doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110293
Cataldo I, Burkauskas J, Dores AR, Carvalho IP, Simonato P, De Luca I, et al. An international cross-sectional investigation on social media, fitspiration content exposure, and related risks during the COVID-19 self-isolation period. Journal of Psychiatric Research. 2022; 148:34–44. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.01.032
Silence C, Rice SM, Pollock S, Lubov JE, Oyesiku LO, Ganeshram S, et al. Life after lockdown: Zooming out on perceptions in the post-videoconferencing era. International Journal of Women’s Dermatology. dezembro de 2021;7(5):774–9. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijwd.2021.08.009
Ganson KT, Hallward L, Rodgers RF, Testa A, Jackson DB, Nagata JM. Contemporary screen use and symptoms of muscle dysmorphia among a national sample of Canadian adolescents and young adults. Eat Weight Disord. 15 de fevereiro de 2023;28(1):10. Doi: 10.1007/s40519-023-01550-7
Cuadrado J, Reynaud D, Legigan C, O’Brien K, Michel G. “Muscle Pics”, a new body-checking behavior in muscle dysmorphia? L’Encéphale. junho de 2023;49(3):241–7. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.encep.2021.11.004
Dobosz M, Lewandowski M, Świerczewska Z, Barańska-Rybak W, Cubała WJ. Are YouTube videos a reliable sourceof information about body dysmorphicdisorder? ppn. 2023;32(2):76–82. Doi: 10.5114/ppn.2023.128706
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2025 George Vinícius Lima da Silva, Rafaela Rocha de Souza, Maria Cecília Pimentel Leite Rocha, Carla Victória Sousa Fortes, Maria Clara dos Santos Moura, Sâmia Alves Lacerda Silva, Eduarda Luz Moura, Larissa Mendes Rodrigues Ferreira