Palavras-chave
Fatores Dietéticos,
Imunomodulação
Terapia Nutricional
Como Citar
Resumo
As doenças inflamatórias intestinais (DIIs), incluindo a doença de Crohn e a retocolite ulcerativa, são condições crônicas caracterizadas por inflamação persistente do trato gastrointestinal, com impacto significativo na qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Este estudo teve como objetivo revisar criticamente a literatura sobre o papel da nutrição no manejo das DIIs, explorando intervenções dietéticas específicas, nutrientes imunomoduladores e estratégias nutricionais personalizadas. A metodologia consistiu em uma revisão integrativa de literatura, abrangendo artigos publicados entre 2013 e 2023, obtidos de bases de dados como PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science e LILACS. Foram incluídos estudos que investigaram o impacto de dietas específicas, como a nutrição enteral exclusiva e a dieta pobre em FODMAPs, bem como a suplementação de nutrientes, como ômega-3, vitamina D e compostos bioativos. Os resultados mostraram que intervenções nutricionais podem modular a inflamação e o microbioma intestinal, promovendo remissão clínica e melhorando desfechos clínicos. No entanto, a adesão às dietas, o custo elevado de algumas intervenções e a falta de diretrizes clínicas padronizadas são desafios significativos. A personalização das estratégias nutricionais, aliada à integração de nutricionistas em equipes multidisciplinares, mostrou-se essencial para superar essas barreiras. Ensaios clínicos robustos e estudos de longo prazo são necessários para validar a eficácia das intervenções nutricionais e orientar a prática clínica. Em conclusão, a nutrição representa uma ferramenta promissora e complementar no manejo das DIIs, com potencial para reduzir a inflamação, otimizar o estado nutricional e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.
Referências
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Copyright (c) 2025 Isadora Martins Gomes Fredrich, Larah Luyza Canale Medeiros, Mariana Maran Meira, Thaís Helena Kirchesch e Costa, Diego Salles Granzinoli, Ana Hisi Fujii Ramos, Camila Barbosa Wahl Witzler, Isabele Souza Arinos, Caroline Foletto, Jonas Farias Sene Lopes, Maria Clara Conciani de Oliveira, Giovana Corrêa Bueno, Marcelo Fontes da Silva, José Amarildo Avanci Júnior