The impacts of endometriosis on quality of life and fertility

Abstract

Endometriosis is a chronic condition that affects many women of childbearing age, characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. Diagnosis is often delayed, taking an average of 6.7 years from the onset of symptoms to confirmation of the disease. This results in a worsening of the health condition and a reduction in the quality of life of affected women. Endometriosis causes a range of symptoms, including intense pain during menstruation, pain during intercourse, intestinal and urinary problems, pelvic pain, and, in some cases, infertility. Furthermore, it affects not only the physical health but also the emotional well-being of patients, interfering with personal, professional, and sexual relationships. Research reveals that endometriosis is not fully understood by society, often being labeled as "menstrual cramps" and, consequently, underestimated. This leads to the stigmatization of patients and hinders early diagnosis. Regarding diagnosis, endometriosis is challenging due to the variety of symptoms and the lack of definitive tests. Confirmation of the disease may occur late, resulting in prolonged suffering for patients. As for treatment, conventional therapies such as hormonal treatments and surgeries are common but often associated with significant side effects. Non-pharmacological therapeutic alternatives such as acupuncture, massage, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and exercises like pilates, show potential in relieving pain and improving the quality of life. Furthermore, research suggests that medical cannabis may be effective in treating endometriosis, alleviating chronic pain with few side effects. However, these approaches still require further investigation. In summary, endometriosis is a complex condition that profoundly affects the lives of affected women. It is crucial to raise awareness about the disease, seek early diagnosis, and develop comprehensive and effective treatment approaches to improve the quality of life for patients.