Esquizofrenia e Neuroinflamação: Uma revisão das pesquisas recentes que exploram as conexões entre a esquizofrenia e processos de neuroinflamação, abrindo caminho para novas estratégias terapêuticas.

Abstract

This article reviewed recent research exploring the connection between neuroinflammation and schizophrenia, as well as its implications for therapeutic approaches. Increasing evidence suggests that inflammatory processes in the brain, including microglial activation and increased pro-inflammatory cytokines, may play a role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. However, the exact causality of this relationship and its relevance to different subtypes of the disease are still being investigated. Clinical studies and experiments in animal models have highlighted the therapeutic potential of modulating neuroinflammation in schizophrenia. Anti-inflammatory agents, such as minocycline, have shown efficacy in improving symptoms in some patients, although the response is variable. Additionally, nutritional approaches such as omega-3 supplementation and modulation of the gut microbiome are being explored as innovative strategies. The heterogeneity of schizophrenia is a crucial aspect to consider, requiring the identification of biomarkers that can differentiate subgroups of patients based on their inflammatory profile. This personalized approach can guide more effective treatments. This article emphasizes the need for a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of schizophrenia, taking into account both the biological and psychosocial aspects of the disease. As research continues to unravel the mechanisms of neuroinflammation in schizophrenia, we are closer to offering personalized and effective treatments, improving the quality of life for patients.