EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE: A IMPORTÂNCIA DO USO ADEQUADO DE DISPOSITIVOS INALATÓRIOS PARA O CONTROLE DA ASMA

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, with manifestations such as dyspnea, wheezing, chest tightness, and cough, affecting about 10% of the world population and constituting a public health problem. In Brazil, it is the fourth leading cause of hospitalization in the Unified Health System (SUS) and accounts for an average of 2,000 deaths per year. The inhalation route is preferred for treatment, but the correct use of inhalation devices (ID) is essential for therapeutic efficacy and patient quality of life. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the importance of proper use of IDs in patients with asthma. METHODS: This is a literature review on the importance of proper ID use in asthma control, conducted through the Scielo database and CAPES journals. As selection criteria, 9 publications were chosen from 2014 to 2021, in Portuguese and English, using the keywords: “Inhalation devices,” “Asthma,” and “Health.” RESULTS: Of the 46 studies identified, 5 were included. All highlighted that incorrect use of IDs increases morbidity and mortality, due to inadequate management by both patients and healthcare professionals. The essential role of professionals in health education was emphasized, guiding patients and their families. The literature indicates that many patients know the technique but fail in performing adequate exhalation before inhalation or in making an inspiratory pause, which compromises asthma control. Continuing education showed a positive impact on self-management, clinical improvement, and treatment adherence. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to strengthen health education actions, especially emphasizing the correct use of IDs and respiratory techniques, reinforcing the role of healthcare professionals to ensure better therapeutic adherence and quality of life for asthma patients.