Keywords
geriatria
qualidade de vida
alívio do sofrimento
autonomia
How to Cite
Abstract
Palliative care in geriatrics plays a vital role in improving the quality of life and relieving suffering for elderly individuals facing chronic, severe, or advanced illnesses. This review article explores the principles and practices that underpin this approach to care, emphasizing the importance of a patient-centered approach that places the elderly individual at the center of treatment decisions while respecting their autonomy and dignity. Symptom management, with a focus on pain control, is crucial for alleviating physical suffering, enabling the elderly to engage in meaningful activities. An interdisciplinary team of healthcare professionals is essential to address the various dimensions of elderly individuals' suffering, promoting comprehensive care. Promoting autonomy and involving the elderly in treatment decisions are crucial for maintaining a sense of control and meaning in their lives. Additionally, spirituality and reminiscence therapy play an important role in providing emotional comfort and meaning to elderly individuals in palliative care. Ultimately, a comprehensive approach that considers the physical, emotional, social, and spiritual well-being of the elderly is essential. The integration of these elements, along with a profound understanding of the principles and practices of palliative care in geriatrics, is crucial to providing compassionate and effective care to this vulnerable population. As the elderly population continues to grow worldwide, the commitment to palliative care in geriatrics becomes more crucial than ever, ensuring that elderly individuals receive the support they need in their final stages of life.
References
AZOULAY, E. et al. Risk of post-traumatic stress symptoms in family members of intensive care unit patients. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, v. 171, n. 9, p. 987-994, 2005.
BACK, A. L. et al. Efficacy of communication skills training for giving bad news and discussing transitions to palliative care. Archives of Internal Medicine, v. 167, n. 5, p. 453-460, 2007.
BALBONI, T. A. et al. Provision of spiritual support to patients with advanced cancer by religious communities and associations with medical care at the end of life. JAMA Internal Medicine, v. 173, n. 12, p. 1109-1117, 2013.
CARACENI, A. et al. Use of opioid analgesics in the treatment of cancer pain: evidence-based recommendations from the EAPC. The Lancet Oncology, v. 13, n. 2, p. e58-e68, 2012.
CHOCHINOV, H. M. et al. Effect of dignity therapy on distress and end-of-life experience in terminally ill patients: a randomised controlled trial. The Lancet Oncology, v. 12, n. 8, p. 753-762, 2011.
DIONNE-ODOM, J. N. et al. The patient and caregiver perspectives on remote symptom monitoring during palliative care telemedicine encounters. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, v. 60, n. 5, p. 852-862, 2020.
FERRELL, B. R.; TEMEL, J. S. Integration of Palliative Care into Standard Oncology Care: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline Update. Journal of Clinical Oncology, v. 35, n. 1, p. 96-112, 2016.
HARRISON, J. D. et al. What are the unmet supportive care needs of people with cancer? A systematic review. Supportive Care in Cancer, v. 27, n. 2, p. 631-641, 2019.
HIGGINSON, I. J.; EVANS, C. J. What is the evidence that palliative care teams improve outcomes for cancer patients and their families? Cancer Journal, v. 16, n. 5, p. 423-435, 2010.
HUDSON, P.; ARANDA, S.; KRISTJANSON, L. J. Meeting the supportive needs of family caregivers in palliative care: challenges for health professionals. Journal of Palliative Medicine, v. 20, n. 1, p. 41-44, 2017.
JENNINGS, A. L. et al. A systematic review of the use of opioids in the management of dyspnoea. Thorax, v. 57, n. 11, p. 939-944, 2002.
MARTÍNEZ-VELILLA, N. et al. Effect of exercise intervention on functional decline in very elderly patients during acute hospitalization: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Internal Medicine, v. 179, n. 1, p. 28-36, 2019.
MEIER, D. E. Increased access to palliative care and hospice services: opportunities to improve value in health care. Milbank Quarterly, v. 89, n. 3, p. 343-380, 2011.
PUCHALSKI, C. M.; ROMER, A. L. Taking a spiritual history allows clinicians to understand patients more fully. Journal of Palliative Medicine, v. 3, n. 1, p. 129-137, 2000.
SARAKAMO, T. et al. Music listening enhances cognitive recovery and mood after a middle cerebral artery stroke. Brain, v. 131, n. 3, p. 866-876, 2013.
SINHA, S. et al. Impact of specialist inpatient palliative care in a geriatric evaluation and management unit. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, v. 67, n. 7, p. 1440-1446, 2019.
SOURKES, B. M. Ethics in palliative care: a review. Journal of Palliative Medicine, v. 16, n. 5, p. 550-560, 2013.
STEINHAUSER, K. E. et al. What constitutes quality of family experience at the end of life? Perspectives from family members of patients who died in the hospital. Palliative & Supportive Care, v. 14, n. 1, p. 46-53, 2016.
SUDORE, R. L. et al. Defining Advance Care Planning for Adults: A Consensus Definition from a Multidisciplinary Delphi Panel. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, v. 53, n. 5, p. 821-832, 2017.
WOODS, B. et al. Reminiscence therapy for dementia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, n. 3, p. CD001120, 2018.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2023 Marcelo Ribeiro Faria, João César Almeida Merçon, Lucas Lopes Malveira, Katryne Ferreira Rodrigues Correa, Gelson Cordeiro de Oliveira Júnior