Keywords
GLP-1 Analogues
Heart failure
Obesity
How to Cite
Abstract
Obesity is highly prevalent in Brazil, with approximately 24.3% of the adult population being obese. Hemodynamic changes, chronic systemic inflammation, metabolic changes and excess adipose tissue resulting from obesity contribute to changes in cardiac structure and function, which can lead to heart failure. In this context, bariatric surgery and GLP-1 receptor analogues, such as semaglutide and tirzepatide, stand out as therapeutic strategies, both promoting weight and visceral fat loss. Bariatric surgery can result in positive cardiac remodeling, while GLP-1 analogues act in the regulation of appetite, hormone secretion and lipid metabolism, demonstrating benefits in improving quality of life and resolving symptoms related to heart failure. Methods: Integrative literature review in PubMed and ScienceDirect databases, including clinical trials, cohort studies, case-control studies and cross-sectional studies from the last 6 years. Articles that did not address the topic were excluded. Results: The studies showed a reduction in inflammatory parameters and significant weight and visceral fat loss, associated with positive cardiac remodeling, with a reduction in the risk of new heart failure events and mortality in obese patients in both treatments, with GLP-1 analogues (semaglutide and tizerpatide) and with bariatric surgery. In the surgical treatment, reversibility of the cardiac morphological structure was shown, while drug treatment showed improvement in physical limitations and symptoms associated with heart failure, with improvement in quality of life. Conclusion: The study shows that both treatments are effective in controlling obesity-related heart failure. Therefore, it is up to the health professional to outline the best course of action for their patients, based on clinical evaluation and other criteria.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Julia Schettini Veloso, Luiza Bezerra Corrêa, Luisa Ribeiro Ramos Abdalla de Vasconcelos, Ana Clara Souza Guimarães, Renata Aparecida Elias Dantas
