Evolution of the Pulp Chamber Throughout Life: Microscopic Analysis of Dentin Remodeling in Human Molars

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to analyze the morphological changes in the pulp chamber throughout life, focusing on the microscopic remodeling of dentin in human molars. Understanding these structural modifications is essential for improving clinical approaches in Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry. Materials and Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using multiple databases, including PubMed, SciELO, BVS BIREME, and ScienceDirect. Studies were selected based on their relevance to dentin remodeling, secondary and tertiary dentin deposition, and age-related changes in the pulp chamber. Key descriptors such as "Dental Pulp Cavity," "Dentin," and "Endodontics" guided the research. Microscopic and radiographic analyses of molars at different age stages were also considered. Results: The progressive deposition of secondary dentin leads to a volumetric reduction of the pulp chamber, with more significant changes in the ceiling and floor regions. Radiographic evidence suggests that this process becomes more pronounced after the third decade of life. Additionally, external stimuli, such as caries, trauma, and restorative procedures, accelerate tertiary dentin formation, influencing pulp vitality and endodontic treatment complexity. These modifications impact pulp sensitivity, root canal accessibility, and the overall response to dental treatments. Conclusion: The continuous remodeling of the pulp chamber due to secondary and tertiary dentin deposition significantly affects endodontic and restorative procedures. Clinicians must consider these age-related changes when planning treatments to optimize therapeutic outcomes. A deeper understanding of dentin remodeling mechanisms will contribute to better dental care strategies, ensuring long-term tooth health and function.