Assistência de Enfermagem ao recém-nascido prematuro e à família: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Introduction: Prematurity is a condition that requires specialized care and a multidisciplinary approach to ensure the survival and proper development of the newborn. Objective: This study aims to identify nursing care actions for the premature newborn (RNPT) and their family in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Methods: The methodology used was an integrative literature review, where data was collected in the Virtual Health Library (BVS) and its respective databases. The initial search resulted in 56 articles, from which, after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 15 were selected for analysis. The findings were organized into four main topics, which guided the study’s discussion: concepts, causes, and epidemiology of prematurity; rights and difficulties faced by families during hospitalization; support for the family and the promotion of emotional bonds; and the care provided to newborns in the NICU. Results: The study highlighted that prematurity affects both the health of the newborns and the family’s dynamics and routine, emphasizing the importance of humanized care that includes family participation and strengthens the bond with the baby. Conclusion: It is concluded that the continuous training of the nursing team is essential, considering the relevance of specialized care, as healthcare professionals play a vital role in implementing practices that not only ensure the physical health of the premature newborn (RNPT) but also promote the family's emotional well-being, contributing to better clinical outcomes.