AVALIAÇÃO RÁPIDA E INTERVENÇÃO EM CASOS DE AVC AGUDO: ESTRATÉGIAS PARA OTIMIZAR O TRATAMENTO EMERGENCIAL.

Abstract

Rapid assessment and intervention in cases of acute stroke are essential to improve clinical outcomes, given the severity and high incidence of this condition, which is the second leading cause of global death and the leading cause of permanent disability. Ischemic stroke, caused by obstruction of cerebral blood flow, and hemorrhagic stroke, resulting from rupture of blood vessels, require accurate diagnoses and specific interventions. Therefore, this study aims to analyze strategies to optimize the emergency management of patients with stroke, considering the importance of rapid diagnoses, advanced therapeutic techniques and the action of multidisciplinary teams. The results show that intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is effective for ischemic stroke within the 4.5-hour window, while endovascular thrombectomy shows superiority in cases of large artery occlusion. However, there are challenges in implementing these therapies, including the need for rapid diagnosis through neuroimaging, such as CT and MRI, and limited access to advanced treatments in some regions. The management of hemorrhagic stroke requires strict blood pressure control, neurosurgical interventions, and intensive monitoring. The discussions point to the importance of continuous training of emergency teams, the use of standardized protocols, and increased access to specialized centers as ways to reduce socioeconomic impacts and improve functional recovery rates. It is concluded that emergency treatment of stroke depends on the integration of rapid diagnosis, advanced therapies, and trained teams, and that the implementation of public policies that expand access to imaging technologies and specialized treatments is essential. Early rehabilitation also plays an essential role in reducing long-term complications and in reintegrating patients into social and productive life. Continuous improvement of management strategies can significantly reduce mortality rates and disabilities associated with stroke, promoting substantial improvements in public health.