Impacto psiquiátrico e neuropsiquiátrico em pacientes no pós-operatório de cirurgias de grande porte

Abstract

This article aims to review the scientific literature on the psychiatric and neuropsychiatric impact in patients after major surgeries, focusing on psychological changes and the necessary therapeutic approaches. The research, conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, using the terms "Psychiatric impact, Neuropsychiatry, Post-operative, Major surgeries," revealed that these patients often experience psychiatric symptoms such as anxiety, depression, delirium, and cognitive deficits, which can be exacerbated by the complexity and extent of the surgeries. Proper management involves a multidisciplinary approach with surgeons, psychiatrists, psychologists, and neurologists to provide comprehensive support. Therapeutic interventions such as psychological counseling, use of psychotropic medications, and cognitive rehabilitation strategies are essential for the emotional and neuropsychiatric recovery of patients, improving their quality of life and minimizing adverse effects on mental health.