Perforated Peptic Ulcer: Early Diagnosis, Surgical Approach and Postoperative Treatment

Abstract

Perforated acute abdomen, particularly perforated peptic ulcer (PPU), represents a severe medical emergency characterized by the rupture of hollow intra-abdominal organs and subsequent peritonitis. This article addresses the clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of PPU, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and prompt surgical interventions to reduce morbidity and mortality. Imaging studies, such as radiography and computed tomography, are essential for confirming the diagnosis, allowing precise identification of pneumoperitoneum and the perforation site. Surgical strategies include primary closure of the perforation, omentoplasty, and gastrectomy, tailored to the patient’s clinical condition. Adequate postoperative management, involving clinical support, Helicobacter pylori eradication, and risk factor control, is crucial to prevent complications and recurrence. Furthermore, patient education and regular follow-up are highlighted as key components for improved clinical outcomes. This study underscores the importance of an integrated approach to PPU management, combining accurate diagnosis, effective therapeutic interventions, and preventive strategies