CORONAVÍRUS ENTÉRICO FELINO E SUA PROGRESSÃO PARA PIF: NOVAS TERAPIAS EM ESTUDO

Abstract

This article aims to review the current literature on feline coronavirus (FCoV) and its evolution into feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), as well as therapeutic advances in the treatment of this disease. The research was conducted by searching the Google Scholar, Scopus and Web of Science indexes, using the keywords “feline coronavirus”, “feline infectious peritonitis”, “GS-441524 treatment”, “FIP diagnosis” and “GS-441524 efficacy evaluation”. The selection of articles was based on the relevance and timeliness of the publications, prioritizing studies from the last 20 years. Older articles, seen as essential to understanding the history of the disease, were also included. The literature review indicated that FCoV is extremely common in domestic and wild cats. Although it commonly causes benign intestinal infections, it can progress to FIP, a serious immune-mediated disease. The process of change from FCoV to FIPV (Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus) is caused by viral mutations that modify the cell tropism of the virus, resulting in systemic dissemination and pyogranulomatous inflammation. As far as treatment is concerned, GS-441524, an analog of remdesivir, has proved to be a promising therapeutic alternative, proving effective in reducing viral load and prolonging the life of infected felines, particularly in the effusive and non-effusive forms of FIP. However, the lack of official regulations for the use of the drug and the high costs remain considerable barriers. Furthermore, the detection of FIP remains a challenge, due to the insufficiency of diagnostic tests to distinguish between FECV and FIPV. In conclusion, despite the limitations, therapeutic advances and improvements in diagnostic methods are transforming the management of FIP, and the use of GS-441524 offers new perspectives for the treatment of the disease.