ANÁLISE DE CUSTO-EFETIVIDADE E DISPARIDADES REGIONAIS NAS CIRURGIAS DO APARELHO DIGESTIVO NO SISTEMA ÚNICO DE SAÚDE (2021-2024)

Abstract

Introduction:Brazil's Unified Health System (SUS) plays a vital role in providing surgeries for the digestive system, accessory organs, and abdominal wall, which are essential for managing high-morbidity conditions. This study analyzes the volume of hospitalizations and associated costs for these procedures between 2021 and 2024, addressing regional disparities and resource efficiency. The unequal access among Brazil’s regions underscores the importance of public policies focused on equity.Methodology:This is a descriptive and analytical study with a quantitative approach, using data from SUS's Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS). The number of hospitalizations and associated costs for digestive system surgeries from 2021 to October 2024 were evaluated. The average cost per hospitalization was calculated and analyzed by year and region. Data were extracted from DATASUS and complemented with relevant literature.Results:From 2021 to 2024, 2,704,304 hospitalizations were recorded, with a total cost of R$ 3.395.603.431,75. The average cost per hospitalization varied over the years, being lower in 2022 due to the higher volume of procedures but increased in 2023 and 2024. Regionally, the Southeast accounted for most hospitalizations and costs, while the North and Northeast had the lowest figures, highlighting regional disparities in access.Conclusion:The increase in hospitalizations and total costs reflects changes in demand and the complexity of cases. Regional disparities underscore the need for public policies promoting equitable resource allocation and access to healthcare services. Future studies should deepen trend analyses and evaluate the impact of interventions aimed at improving the efficiency and sustainability of Brazil's Unified Health System.