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Abstract
The surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has advanced significantly in recent decades, driven by the development of improved resection techniques. These approaches aim to increase surgical success rates, reduce postoperative complications, and enhance patient survival and quality of life.
Among the most commonly used techniques are anatomical and non-anatomical hepatectomy. Anatomical hepatectomy involves removing liver segments based on vascular distribution, allowing better oncological safety margins. In contrast, non-anatomical resection removes only the tumor-affected area, preserving more functional liver volume and being indicated for patients with limited liver function.
Clinical studies and systematic reviews show that anatomical hepatectomy offers better long-term survival rates due to its more radical approach. However, non-anatomical resection remains an essential alternative for patients with compromised liver reserves, often combined with ablative techniques for local tumor control.
Another important advancement is the use of minimally invasive techniques, such as laparoscopic resection and robotic surgery. These approaches reduce postoperative pain, hospital stay, and complication rates while maintaining efficacy comparable to open techniques in specialized centers.
Additionally, advanced imaging technologies, such as three-dimensional computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, enable detailed surgical planning and greater precision during operations. Devices such as vascular staplers and hemostatic sealants have also contributed to
improving the safety and efficacy of liver resections.
The role of multidisciplinary teams specializing in liver oncology has been crucial to treatment success. Collaboration among surgeons, oncologists, radiologists, and anesthesiologists ensures more personalized care tailored to each patient's needs.
In summary, advances in resection techniques for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment represent a significant evolution in oncological surgery. The integration of new technologies, innovative surgical approaches, and specialized teams has contributed to improved clinical outcomes, offering greater survival and quality of life to patients affected by this complex disease.
References
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2024 Hugo Dionizio Gomes da Silva Berger, Juliana Pinesso Huang , Bheatriz Simões Montefuscolo, Lara Fiorino, Tarcísio Arêdes Oliveira
