The Therapeutic Potential of Cannabidiol in the Treatment of Epilepsy: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder of genetic or acquired origin, characterized by recurrent epileptic seizures resulting from disorganized electrical discharges in the brain. This condition impacts the neuropsychological health and quality of life of patients, with potential cognitive, social and emotional consequences. This article is a review of the current literature on the role of cannabidiol (CBD) in the treatment of epilepsy, focusing on patients refractory to conventional treatments. Scientific evidence was found indicating that treatment with CBD is effective and beneficial for controlling seizures - both in frequency and intensity, presenting a neuroprotective effect by interfering with neuronal excitation and modulating specific receptors. CBD has a superior safety profile to conventional medications, with a lower incidence of side effects and toxicity. However, additional studies are needed to confirm its efficacy and better understand the mechanisms of action in the long term. This study reinforces the need for an individualized and regulated approach to the use of CBD in the clinical context, considering the particularities of each patient.