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Abstract
High-grade astrocytoma it is a primary tumor, which originates from glial cells, with high mitotic capacity. It is considered the most aggressive astrocytoma that affects, usually, adult to elderly brachiocephalic dogs. However, the purpose of this article it is to report a case of high-grade astrocytoma, diagnosed post-mortem in a canine, female, lhasa apso, 14 years old, that recurrent presented epileptic seizures, compulsive gait and proprioceptive ataxia. The radiographic examination showed lesions compatible with pulmonary and renal metastasis. At necropsy, neoplastic alterations were evidenced in the brain, lungs and kidneys. The histopathology of the brain mass was suggestive of high-grade astrocytoma due to the presence of hemorrhage, necrosis and microvascular proliferation in its composition. One of the most important consequences of brain masses is the increase in intracranial pressure, which can contribute to ischemia and, consequently, necrosis, in addition to affecting areas not directly affected by the mass, which are mechanically injured by the increase in pressure. In addition, high-grade astrocytoma is rare in the veterinary clinical routine, and the ante-mortem diagnosis is difficult, which can be presumptive with imaging tests and correlation with clinical signs, since the definitive diagnosis is reached only with histopathology examination (usually performed post-mortem), that can be view microvascular proliferation and necrosis as differentiating factors from other gliomas. Therefore, knowing the neurological signs and possible differential diagnoses, provides the Veterinarian an ability to investigate possible astrocytomas and act in order to provide better survival for the patient.
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