THE USE OF CEREBRAL PSYCHOSTIMULANTS BY MEDICAL STUDENTS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Introduction: The use of cerebral psychostimulants, such as methylphenidate and modafinil, has become increasingly common among medical students. This behavior is motivated by intense academic demands and the pursuit of enhanced cognitive performance. However, its indiscriminate use raises concerns about health risks and ethical dilemmas in the academic environment. Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of psychostimulant use among medical students, the underlying motivations, the impacts on physical and mental health, and the ethical implications. Methodology: A bibliographic review of studies published between 2018 and 2024 was conducted, selecting articles from databases such as PubMed, SciELO, BVS, and Google Scholar. The review included articles analyzing the use of psychostimulants by medical students to enhance cognitive performance. Results and Discussion: The analysis identified that psychostimulant use is largely driven by academic demands. Methylphenidate was the most commonly used drug. The main adverse effects reported include insomnia, anxiety, and intense fatigue, while self-medication was prevalent. Conclusions: The non-prescribed use of psychostimulants among medical students poses significant health risks and raises ethical questions about academic fairness. It is necessary to strengthen regulations and promote educational interventions that address the dangers of indiscriminate psychostimulant use, as well as encourage healthy alternatives for managing academic stress.