Aneurisma de artéria femoral superficial: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Superficial femoral artery (SFA) aneurysms are a rare clinical manifestation, more prevalent in elderly male individuals, affecting the right limb and may be associated with other types of aneurysm, such as aortoiliac, femoral or popliteal aneurysms. Their main complications may be related to thrombosis, distal embolization and rupture. Due to this high risk, resection and revascularization are procedures that must be performed. Thus, the general objective of this study is to discuss the main aspects of SFA aneurysm. For this purpose, a literature review was carried out using 09 articles on the subject. It is known that when dealing with peripheral aneurysms of the arteries, they can be easily palpated. However, when considering SFA aneurysms, early detection is difficult, due to the location of the medial and distal portions, which are below the muscular fascia and between the sartorius, adductor longus and vastus medialis muscles. Therefore, its diagnosis is difficult, and only occurs when the patient presents symptoms that interfere with their quality of life and/or complications. Complications of this pathology may be present in 65% of cases, with the most commonly described complications in the literature being rupture, thrombosis and distal embolic events. Therefore, early diagnosis of this pathology is important for reducing possible complications that may exist, in addition to enabling the team to develop more effective surgical planning, with a lower risk of morbidity and mortality for the individual. Despite the relevance of the topic in professional practice in cases, there are still few studies, which requires the development of more updated studies on the disease, enabling adequate management and early recovery of the patient, without presenting unnecessary complications.